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Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Test
Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Test
Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a hormone produced by reproductive tissues, including the testicles in males and the ovaries in females.
AMH is important for a woman during her childbearing years. At birth, a female has about one million eggs (oocytes), which then decrease naturally in number during childhood to about 500,000. Only a tiny number of these remaining eggs will go through follicle maturation – one at a time as part of a woman’s monthly menstrual cycle. AMH has a balancing effect on the monthly cyclical actions of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) during the process of egg maturation and release (ovulation).
The amount of AMH present is a reflection of this follicular growth.
Elevated AMH levels have been associated with a condition affecting the ovaries known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The excess follicles that occur in this syndrome produce abnormally large amounts of AMH.
AMH also plays a vital part in sexual differentiation in the fetus. During the first few weeks of pregnancy,
a developing baby has the potential to develop either male or female reproductive organs.
AMH may be elevated in some ovarian tumors (benign or cancerous). If a tumor produces the hormone, then the AMH test can be used as a tumor marker to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and to monitor for recurrence.
An AMH test may be ordered in women when evaluating ovarian function, fertility issues, especially when considering assisted reproduction procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), and when a health practitioner wants to determine a woman’s likelihood of entering menopause.
Sample :
Whole blood.
NORMAL RANGE:
Normal levels that indicate onset of menopause after age 50 are:
4.5 ng/mL or higher at age 20
3.8 ng/mL or higher at age 25
2.9 ng/mL or higher at age 30
It is normal for infants and women after menopause to have negative or very low levels of AMH.
HIGH RESULTS INDICATE:
Extremely high results may indicate POCS (polycystic ovarian syndrome).
LOW RESULTS INDICATE:
Lower results indicate an earlier onset of menopause.
Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Test
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